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CaseLaw

Akande V. Alaga (1988) CLR 7(h) (SC)

Judgement delivered on July 8th 1988

Brief

  • Pleadings
  • Locus in quo
  • Calling witnesses suo motu
  • Declaration of title to land
  • Trespass
  • Estoppel per rem judicatam
  • Bona fide purchaser without notice
  • Res judicata
  • S.145 Evidence Act

Facts

This appeal has been lodged against the decision of the Court of Appeal sitting at Ibadan. The Court dismissed the appeal against the judgment of the High Court Ibadan where the claim was for -

  • i
    Declaration of title to a piece of land at Ibuko area of Ibadan;
  • ii
    Injunction restraining the defendant, his agents and privies from commit-ting any act of trespass on the land.

The Court of Appeal dismissed the appeal against the judgment of the High Court and the Defendant who has lost in the two courts, has now appealed to this Court. The Plaintiff’s claim was one of a straight forward conveyance from the Fadiwin Fam¬ily who she claimed originally owned the land while the Defendant’s claim was that he got his title from two sources one portion from Ilaji Family (indeed he discovered that the Ilaji Family sold more than they had to him hence he went to the owners of the excess) the other portion that is the portion by Ilaji Family which Ilaji did not own). He got from Odetunde Family.

The defendant relied upon previous litigation on the land in dispute. They are: -

  • 1
    Suit No 1/244/57: Bamigbade & Anor. v. Lawani Fadiwin Fagbenro.
  • I think the claim in regard to this previous litigation is well put in the Brief filed by the Defendant/Appellant. It was -

    That in the suit the predecessors of the present Defendant/Appellant were the Plaintiffs. They took action against the Fadiwin Family that is the predecessors in title of the present Plaintiff/Respondent. The Judge in that case (Doherty J.) pointed out that there was an earlier case in which Fadiwin had sued one Suberu Alake and Raji (of Ilaji Family). That suit Doherty J. said ended in the Lieutenant Governor's Court. According to Doherty J. the land in dispute in that earlier case was awarded to the Fadiwin family and that must have included the Lieutenant Governor's Court, unanimously held that the old course of the Ogun pa Stream was the boundary between Fadiwin Family and Ilaji Family.

    The Defendant has submitted that the land in dispute in the present action is on the Ilaji Family side of that boundary and a fortiori, the Defendant relied on estoppel that is the action, 1/244/57, aforesaid, has estopped the Plaintiff from disputing the title of the Defendant whose title was derived from the Ilaji Family.

    The other case relied on by the Defendant/Appellant was

    • 0 2
      Suit No.1/145/68: Akande v Lamidi Fadiwin Fagbenro. An action for trespass. It was brought by me present Defendant against the Fadiwin Family. Be it noted that the present plaintiff/respondent claimed title from Fadiwin Family. The claim was that having purchased the land from Ilaji Family, the Fadiwin Family were and the Appellant claim in this appeal was that Fakayode C.J. who tried the case pointed out that land in dispute is enclosed by the old and new courses of the Ogunpa Stream and that the original owners were the Odetunde Family.

    However, at the trial it was necessary and both parties agreed that the Court should visit the locus in quo. During that visit, one man Suberu Akano Oke who claimed to be a member of the Ilaji Family volunteered to assist the Court by pointing out the area of the land in dispute. The Court later took the evidence of this man though there was strong opposition from the learned counsel for the Defendant. The gist of his evidence was that the Defendant in his surveyed plan included land which the Ilaji Family never owned nor sold to him and which in fact belonged to the Plaintiff. According to the record of proceedings this witness was cross-examined at length but the Judge in accepting the evidence noted that the witness was not shaken in his testimony.

    What is more, the witness told the court that the land in dispute in the case his family lost to Fadiwin Family was the land which was sold to the Plaintiff.

Issues

Whether a plea of estoppel per rem judicatam can operate, in a...

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